This article is based on the master’s thesis for the Master’s Program in Cultural and Natural Heritage Management at the International University of La Rioja. The title of the project was: “Proposal for the documentation, inventory, and assessment of the fountains and springs of Zeberio.” This research proposal focused on three main aspects: first, collecting detailed documentation, considering historical, geological, geographical, and cultural information about the fountains and springs of Zeberio; second, the creation of a systematic database based on the content of the previous section; and third, the proper enhancement of the springs. The project aimed to compile strategies for the conservation and promotion of these water resources, prioritizing their protection. Another objective was to create educational materials and thematic routes for educational centers. (more…)
‘Cuckoo, cuckoo’. One of the best-known sounds of nature. It is clearly the most famous bird call, as can be seen from the bird’s name in different languages: kuku in Basque, cuco in Spanish, coucou in French, cuckoo in English…
Even though spring officially begins on 20 March according to the calendar, the call of the cuckoo (Cuculus canorus) heralds the arrival of this season for the baserritarras (farmers).

Akaitze Kamiruaga. Labayru Fundazioa Photographic Archive.
The present post accounts for some of the vocabulary connected with oestrus and pregnancy cycles in several domestic animals, gathered in Gernika-Lumo (Bizkaia) and applicable to a region which extends as far as the coastal city of Lekeitio (Bizkaia).
Cattle (behiak): We use the term susera to indicate that a cow is on heat —behia susera dago or behia suseratu egin da—. We could likewise use the more generic term umeske, literally ‘desiring to breed’, and therefore attributable to other female animals which are receptive to mating, such as mares, jennets and ewes. (more…)

Hirūdinēs. Dioscorides’ De Materia Medica. Salamanca, 1563. Eukal Biblioteka. Labayru Fundazioa.
Bloodletting is claimed to have been a most common and ancient medical practice, its use being gradually relegated to the margins of conventional medicine over the years.
Two main methods were employed: one or more superficial veins were opened with a lancet to let the blood flow out in a controlled manner; alternatively, living leeches —widely known, in Basque, as uzanak or izainak— were applied to safely remove impure or congested blood. (more…)